CIS Conference Program
It’s on the new update to shroud.com: The Official Program of the Conference of the Centro Internazionale di Sindonologia (C.I.S.)
A few very interesting topics. It would be nice to see the papers or the PowerPoint’s or the whatevers.
You can click on the image to see a full size PDF of the program.
Barrie has also posted a copy of the invitation letter.
For media coverage about this conference in this blog see:
Is the Shroud Real? Possibly.
The Shroud of Turin may be the real burial cloth of Jesus. The carbon dating, once seemingly proving it was a medieval fake, is now widely thought of as suspect and meaningless. Even the famous Atheist Richard Dawkins admits it is controversial. Christopher Ramsey, the director of the Oxford Radiocarbon Laboratory, thinks more testing is needed. So do many other scientists and archeologists. This is because there are significant scientific and non-religious reasons to doubt the validity of the tests. Chemical analysis, all nicely peer-reviewed in scientific journals and subsequently confirmed by numerous chemists, shows that samples tested are chemically unlike the whole cloth. It was probably a mixture of older threads and newer threads woven into the cloth as part of a medieval repair. Recent robust statistical studies add weight to this theory. Philip Ball, the former physical science editor for Nature when the carbon dating results were published, recently wrote: “It’s fair to say that, despite the seemingly definitive tests in 1988, the status of the Shroud of Turin is murkier than ever.” If we wish to be scientific we must admit we do not know how old the cloth is. But if the newer thread is about half of what was tested – and some evidence suggests that – it is possible that the cloth is from the time of Christ.
No one has a good idea how front and back images of a crucified man came to be on the cloth. Yes, it is possible to create images that look similar. But no one has created images that match the chemistry, peculiar superficiality and profoundly mysterious three-dimensional information content of the images on the Shroud. Again, this is all published in peer-reviewed scientific journals.
We simply do not have enough reliable information to arrive at a scientifically rigorous conclusion. Years ago, as a skeptic of the Shroud, I came to realize that while I might believe it was a fake, I could not know so from the facts. Now, as someone who believes it is the real burial shroud of Jesus of Nazareth, I similarly realize that a leap of faith over unanswered questions is essential.
My name is Dan Porter. Please email me at DanielRobertPorter@gmail.com
I am curious about the text by Paola Jacomussi
(her own report treated the argument: “the color of the Shroud”…)
because she is a n INRIM researcher.
However I am still curious about the question “gloss and linen” …
— —-
For example, see also the study by Jacomussi and others:
– “Multidimensional Reflectometry for Industry” (xD-Reflect) an European research project
Link:
http://www.researchgate.net/publication/262953592_Multidimensional_Reflectometry_for_Industry_%28xD-Reflect%29_an_European_research_project
Abstract:
The European Metrology Research Program (EMRP) is a metrology-focused program of coordinated Research and Development (RD) funded by the European Commission and participating countries within the European Association of National Metrology Institutes (EURAMET). It supports and ensures research collaboration between them by launching and managing different types of project calls. Within the EMRP Call 2012 “Metrology for Industry”, the joint research project (JRP) entitled “Multidimensional Reflectometry for Industry” (xD-Reflect) was submitted by a consortium of 8 National Metrology Institutes (NMIs) and 2 universities and was subsequently funded. The general objective of xD-Reflect is to meet the demands from industry to describe the overall macroscopic appearance of modern surfaces by developing and improving methods for optical measurements which correlate with the visual sensation being evoked. In particular, the project deals with the “Goniochromatism”, “Gloss” and “Fluorescence” properties of dedicated artifacts, which will be investigated in three main work packages (WP). Two additional transversal WP reinforce the structure: “Modelling and Data Analysis” with the objective to give an irreducible set of calibration schemes and handling methods and “Visual Perception”, which will produce perception scales for the different visual attributes. Multidimensional reflectometry involves the enhancement of spectral and spatial resolution of reference gonioreflectometers for BRDF measurements using modern detectors, conoscopic optical designs, CCD cameras, line scan cameras, and modern light sources in order to describe new effects like sparkle and graininess/coarseness.
More information and updated news concerning the project can be found on the xD-Reflect website http://www.xdreflect.eu/ .
— —
Some explanation about the word “Goniochromatism”:
= The phenomenon where the color of a material changes as the angle of illumination and/or viewing is changed. (Colour physics for industry, 2nd edn. McDonald, Roderick, Society of Dyers and Colourists, West Yorkshire, England, 1997)…
Link:
http://www.springerreference.com/docs/link/2161987.html?s=363412&t=Goniochromatism
See also under the address:
https://www.google.com/patents/US5624731
>Goniochromatism is a phenomenon encountered when a surface
is coated with luster pigments having light interference properties.
…
Light interference arises through interactions between reflections from the upper and lower surfaces of the platelets. When an interference pigment is coated on a white surface, he reflection color is seen in the highlight and the transmission color in the background. The variations in color with the angle of incidence and the angle of observations is referred to as goniochromatism. Hence the color one sees when looking at a goniochromatic layer varies with changes in angular position relative to this layer. … … …
— —
Then see also my past message
sent in December 20, 2013 at 10:50 am
>… … I have known the luster of linen fibrils.
Al Adler pointed the finger on presumed “bioplastic coating”
(“… he seems to be unaware that all linen looks like this. It is caled luster …”) and then he indicated three textile references, respectively dated : 1947, 1950 and 1976 (the last is the following : “Essentials of Textiles”, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, NY 1976).
>I want to add that I never saw (in studies about the Shroud)
the exact measurement of the luster.
>See also : the residual linen wax, etc., etc.
In the other message (that I have sent in
December 20, 2013 at 11:46 am):
>… Al Adler wrote :
>>His work (= the attempt by Garza-Valdes) lacks hard convincing quantitative evidence on which one can judge the merit of his claims
>Instead if we read the
BSTS NEWSLETTER NO: 44 – November/December 1996
A Visit to Dr.Leoncio Garza-Valdes in San Antonio
>There are the following words :
>>A clear plastic coating may also explain one oddity noted from my own personal viewing of the Shroud in 1973 – that the cloth seemed to have a surprising surface ‘sheen’ …
>Link :
http://www.shroud.com/bsts4401.htm#visit
— —
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossmeter
>>A glossmeter (also gloss meter) is an instrument which is used to measure gloss of materials such as paint, plastics and paper. Gloss is a measure of the proportion of light that has a specular reflection from the surface, it is defined by the ASTM as “angular selectivity of reflectance, involving surface-reflected light, responsible for the degree to which reflected highlights or images of objects may be seen as superimposed on a surface”. …
>There is an old article in :
Journal of the Textile Institute Transactions
Volume 28, Issue 9, 1937
>A Photometer for the Measurement of the LUSTRE or GLOSS of TEXTILE AND OTHER MATERIALS PART 1. Construction of Instrument
>Link :
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/19447023708658822
and
I have found another old reference :
>Article:
George S. Buck, JR andFrank A. McCord
Luster and Cotton
Textile Research Journal November 1949 19: 715-754
—————
Probably she (being an INRIM researcher!)
has the useful experience on that argument …
See also the paper by Jacomussi that presents the experience of INRIM
in lighting the Turin Shroud at the 2010 Turin Shroud exhibition:
http://rice.iuav.it/227/1/10_iacomussi-rossi.pdf
I beg your pardon, perhaps there was a big problem with the line!
It was certainly not my intention to disturb the blog with a triple and unnecessary repetition !!!
I believe that this incident is an example of “digital hooliganism”.
In any case it was not my intention to repeat three times the same things!
Dan,
I hope that you can delete the other two (redundant) messages…
The problem happened because I tried to see,
but my messages didn’t appeared!
… and after this fact: three (near identical) messages!
— —
In this message I forgot to write that, unfortunately, I have
the mail box (= my email) saturated … and maybe it could have been
the source of the problem.
But I’m not sure of that because many minutes have passed
and I had to lose time…
In short: I was delayed again!
Fixed
Thank you!
Most interesting. Thanks Paolo.
Hmm Thanks Piero…
Max,
Also I wanted to write something about the intervention
by Rainer Riesner …
and I did found a link to discuss:
http://khazarzar.skeptik.net/books/hist_jes.pdf
… But I want to take life as it comes and then I can try to speak
from a humorous point of view and then I can indicate
the Robot-based Gonioreflectometer…
Link:
http://cdn.intechopen.com/pdfs-wm/284.pdf
because man can err, but instead the robots cannot be wrong
(= do not mistake the program assigned to them,
provided that the program is right!) …
In any case I don’t see great problems of “glossy side” for the Shroud,
only a particular (and interesting) questions (…and see also:
the old problem of the exact quantity of residual “flax wax”)
Errata corrige:
>only particular (and interesting) questions
instead of:
only a particular (and interesting) questions
Please forgive me for what happened yesterday,
but it was not my intention to create confusion.
— —
I have read what were the topics touched by the meeting held on 2 May…
I think that a scientist like Paolo Di Lazzaro is certainly capable
of executing interesting AFM controls on linen and so I guess
that some research performed with the use of the AFM techniques
(Applied Microscopy) have been blocked, pending further funding
(thus: in order to publish studies with an adequate level and not
only amateurish works…).
My words are based also on the fact that we have not even
yet seen the publication of a report on Raman controls of the year 2002.
Here an example of AFM controls:
Quantitative Mapping of the Elastic Modulus of Soft Materials with HarmoniX and PeakForce QNM AFM Modes
by
Maxim E. Dokukin and Igor Sokolov
Abstract
>The modulus of elasticity of soft materials on the nanoscale is of interest when studying thin films, nanocomposites, and biomaterials. Two novel modes of atomic force microscopy (AFM) have been introduced recently: HarmoniX and PeakForce QNM. Both modes produce distribution maps of the elastic modulus over the sample surface. Here we investigate the question of how quantitative these maps are when studying soft materials. Three different polymers with a macroscopic Young’s modulus of 0.6–0.7 GPa (polyurethanes) and 2.7 GPa (polystyrene) are analyzed using these new modes. The moduli obtained are compared to the data measured with the other commonly used techniques, dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA), regular AFM, and nanoindenter. We show that the elastic modulus is overestimated in both the HarmoniX and PeakForce QNM modes when using regular sharp probes because of excessively overstressed material in the samples. We further demonstrate that both AFM modes can work in the linear stress–strain regime when using a relatively dull indentation probe (starting from ∼210 nm). The analysis of the elasticity models to be used shows that the JKR model should be used for the samples considered here instead of the DMT model, which is currently implemented in HarmoniX and PeakForce QNM modes. Using the JKR model and∼240 nm AFM probe in the PeakForce QNM mode, we demonstrate that a quantitative mapping of the elastic modulus of polymeric materials is possible. A spatial resolution of ∼50 nm and a minimum 2 to 3 nm indentation depth are achieved.
Link:
http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/la302706b
As you already know, the measurements on the modulus of elasticity
(= Young’s modulus) are useful for determining the probable
age (= probable epoch) of the material…
— — —
If we have to go beyond the known informations on
“Compatibility between Shroud of Oviedo and the Holy Shroud”,
then we must use the right tools (= AFM techniques, IMO) and compare
both linen materials (using the adequate AFM apparels
[= microscopes that permit other controls, for example:
AFM-Raman analyses, etc. …]).
Have you understood what is the situation ?
Then …
Now I hope in your interesting replies!
— —
Here antoher reference:
Atomic Force Microscopy Techniques for Nanomechanical Characterization: A Polymeric Case Study
by
Melania Reggente, Marco Rossi, Livia Angeloni, Emanuela Tamburri, Massimiliano Lucci, Ivan Davoli, Maria Letizia Terranova, Daniele Passeri
Abstract
>Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is a versatile tool to perform mechanical characterization of surface samples at the nanoscale. In this work, we review two of such methods, namely contact resonance AFM (CR-AFM) and torsional harmonics AFM (TH-AFM). First, such techniques are illustrated and their applicability on materials with elastic moduli in different ranges are discussed, together with their main advantages and limitations. Then, a case study is presented in which we report the mechanical characterization using both CR-AFM and TH-AFM of polyaniline and polyaniniline doped with nanodiamond particles tablets prepared by a pressing process. We determined the indentation modulus values of their surfaces, which were found in fairly good agreement, thus demonstrating the accuracy of the techniques. Finally, the determined surface elastic moduli have been compared with the bulk ones measured through standard indentation testing.
In any case: polyaniline and polyaniniline are not cellulosic chains on linen fibrils!…