As being reported now on Beliefnet in story entitled CNN’s Finding Jesus: Faith, Fact, Forgery First Look Trailer
Take a sneak peak at CNN’s new investigative series Finding Jesus: Faith, Fact, Forgery, which explores the many mysteries of the Bible while scientifically proving what we already know spiritually: that Jesus lived, was crucified, arose and ascended back to heaven. The first investigation covers the Shroud of Turin –a centuries old linen cloth used as Jesus’ burial wrap, with an imprint believed to bear the face of Jesus. Is it really his face? Find out more in the first episode, which will air on CNN, March 1, 2015. This is one you don’t want to miss. See for yourself in the trailer . . . .
I think that there is even a medical problem to be resolved about the causes that brought about the end of Jesus…
How kidney injury hastened the death of Jesus?
-During crucifixion, the altered breathing pattern would cause a
respiratory acidosis to occur from the hypercarbia;
the kidneys would no longer compensate as effectively due to blood loss
-The acidemia would cause tachycardia… etc …. etc.
Source:
http://www.aaroninkenya.com/2013/04/the-medical-aspects-of-the-crucifixion/
Here an example of very short “preach of Chemistry”
interrupted (I think there are several examples of interruptions in my messages):
Uric acid is the most abundant organic component in human kidney stones.
Six different crystalline phases of uric acid have been identified in kidney stones…
and then … What was the probable quantity of water
that Jesus drunk before the death on the cross?
Dehydration and low urine volume are risk factors to uric acid stone formation
(= they increase Uric Acid supersaturation)…
Didn’t was possible the kidney stone formation in the case of Jesus?
Urinary calculi formation is a complex process.
Crystal retention is a key factor in urinary stone formation.
That crystal retention can be caused by adhesion of crystals with
the epithelial cells in the renal tubules.
Kidney stones are aggregates of micron-sized crystals
that are commonly held together by an organic matrix
(The most common inorganic crystalline components are:
Calcium Oxalate monohydrate, Calcium Oxalate dihydrate, apatite, etc.
Organic components include L-cystine, Uric Acid and Urate salts …).
I have read that in the US and UK 8-12% of men and 4-6% of women
will develop kidney stones at some time in their lives.
Three factors are responsible for uric acid nephrolithiasis:
low pH, hyperuricosuria and low urine volume.
Uric acid precipitation and stone formation has been correlate
with very acidic urine.
So… excuse me if I started to talk about one of the medical aspects
of the death of Jesus …
But the fact of knowing the causes of the death of Jesus seems
to be an important question in order to better understand the Shroud
and also the alterations suffered by the blood of Jesus …
I hope in your answer.
That’s an interesting tought but we have to consider other aspects.
Uric aciid kidney stones form when patients suffer from a primary(unknown cause) or secondary hyperuricemia this situation occurs for exemple when there is increased cell turnover breakdown as in lymphomas and leukemia or chemotherapy of malignant diseases.
Normouricemic people seldom develop uric acid calculi and although extrreme dehydration would be a precipitating condition for uric acid crystals formation and aggregation and stone formation it would take time for that to occur and we cannot exactly know how long would it take.
And why not calcium oxalate crystals?
Uric acid nephroitiasis no doubt could cause ureteral spasms with excruciating lumbar pain if it really happened during the hours preceding Jesus death on the cross, and it would be an addicional cause of suffering. nevertheless for acute renal failure to occur, urine flow had to be completely compromised by obstruction of both ureters.
Acute failure can be a primary cause of death but it will not kill the patient in a few hours.
If this surmised renal failure was another cause contributive to the death of the Man of the Shroud in my modest opinion as a physician I think hypovolemic schock caused by scourging wounds, dehydration «per se» and neurogenic autonomic system disfunction by the extreme sufferings were the possible main causes, not obstructing renal calculi.
But even if renal function impairment occured it would be a serious adverse clinical condition but not a direct cause of death.
The death of the Man of the Shroud was caused mainly by asphixia hastened by muscle disfunction because of a state of impaired blood flow due to hypovolemic schock.
I grant there are other possibilities as myocardial infarction or cardiac arithmia but this is my humble opinion.
regards
Antero de Frias Moreira
Centro Português de Sindonologia
http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-
XkUq9mAM7pg/URkU9TpqeaI/AAAAAAAAAjI/_xhmgkoD0oU/s1600/cristo+d
e+cimabue.JPG
Hay muchas causas que podrían explicar la muerte de Jesús, pero
personalmente estoy de pleno acuerdo con Antero de Frias en que la muerte
debió producirse por asfixia.
El abdomen del Hombre de la TS está abombado, lleno de aire, y el tórax
está en inspiración forzada.
En las situaciones de stress y ansiedad el aire se deglute, se traga, pasando
al aparato digestivo por lo que el abdomen se “abomba” empujando hacia
arriba al músculo diafragma, que es el motor principal de la respiración y
haciendo su función cada vez más ineficaz.
Los movimientos respiratorios van dependiendo cada vez más de los
músculos “auxiliares” de la respiración, pero estos músculos están también
muy seriamente “comprometidos”.
La respiración de predominio diafragmático pasa a ser una respiración
torácica que pronto resulta también ineficaz……
Esta muerte por asfixia del Crucificado con el tórax en hiperextensión y el
abdomen abombado se recoge ampliamente en la iconografía, Crucifixiones,
Epitaphios, Arma christi, Varón de dolores, etc, etc
Carlos
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fe/Cimabue_027.jpg
Cristo de Cimabue
Carlos
Kidney stoness and gallstones are unwanted crystallizations in living organisms…
Factors that lead to crystallization of a phase in a complex biological system
include:
supersaturation, complexation of ions, solution pH, crystal growth inhibitors, and
the structure and properties of the supporting matrix…
I have read that:
> the ionized form of uric acid, has a limited solubility under physiological conditions,
and its saturation level in the plasma at pH 7.4 is 6.8 mg/dL
So …
To say something intelligent we must at least know which
was the meal of the Last Supper!
But we don’t know what was the exact ancient menu of Passover
because the Passover Seder as we know it developed after 70 C. E.
If I am right when Jews today sit down to celebrate the Passover Seder, they use a book known as the Haggadah.
The Hebrew word haggadah literally means “telling”; the title refers to the book’s purpose: to provide the ordered framework through which the story of Passover is told at the Seder
(one of the fundamental purposes of the celebration, as stated in Exodus 13:8: “And you shall tell your child on that day, ‘It is because of what the Lord did for me when I went forth from Egypt.’”)
See also: unleavened bread, bitter herbs and wine…
So Calcium Oxalate crystals seem to be more probable as stones composition.
Here I am referring to the fact that Jesus was put in critical condition (little or perhaps no water) durations his imprisonment and the sad mock trial.
… and regarding the timing of crystallization of stones I can only say : “I’m not a doctor” …
(= Individuals with hyperoxaluria often have calcium oxalate kidney stones. link: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperoxaluria ), but I think there is some probability. In each case, the kidney function may already have been compromised (before the crucifixion) by the lack of water and by flagellation.
What do you think?
B.T.W.:
Question:
>What genes are related to primary hyperoxaluria?
Answer:
>Mutations in the AGXT and GRHPR genes cause primary hyperoxaluria.
The breakdown and processing of certain sugars and protein building blocks (amino acids) produces a substance called glyoxylate. Normally, glyoxylate is converted to the amino acid glycine or to a compound called glycolate through the action of two enzymes, alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase and glyoxylate reductase/hydroxypyruvate reductase, respectively. Mutations in the AGXT or GRHPR gene cause a shortage of these enzymes, which prevents the conversion of glyoxylate to glycine or glycolate. As levels of glyoxylate build up, it is converted to oxalate. Oxalate combines with calcium to form calcium oxalate deposits, which can damage the kidneys and other organs.
Link:
http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/primary-hyperoxaluria
So we should investigate the genetic issue. But this is a very hard task…
Errata Corrige:
during his imprisonment and the sad mock trial.
and not:
>durations his imprisonment and the sad mock trial. !!!
— — —
Q.:
>How do people inherit primary hyperoxaluria?
A.:
>This condition is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern, which means both copies of the gene in each cell have mutations. The parents of an individual with an autosomal recessive condition each carry one copy of the mutated gene, but they typically do not show signs and symptoms of the condition.
http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/primary-hyperoxaluria
Now I have only made a vague hypothesis.
So: do not take me to the letter!
Furthermore, the idea that the body of the Son of God is free from diseases (ie: a perfect human body) makes us inclined to think that this assumption is wrong.
But the genetic question remains intriguing (although genetics and ancient DNA are very difficult problems to solve!) and then I think Kelly Kearse could give an adequate response.
Primary hyperoxaluria type 1 (PH1) is an autosomal recessive
inherited metabolic disease, characterized by progressive kidney failure due to renal deposition of calcium oxalate. Mutations in the AGXT gene, encoding the liver-specific enzyme alanine glyoxylate aminotransferase, are responsible for the disease…
So, for now, (IMO) is a very risky and vague idea …
“Finding Jesus: Faith, Fact, Forgery, which explores the many mysteries of the Bible while scientifically proving what we already know spiritually: that Jesus lived, was crucified, arose and ascended back to heaven.”
I am very skeptical about this comment. CNN doesn’t stike me as a pro Jesus organization. If anything, they would set out to disprove it.
Agreed. Sounds like a bait and switch move. I doubt the program plays out that way at all. I’ll settle for objectivity.
It is not CNN who are making the programme – they have simply bought it from a company whose name I forget who consulted me for the Relics of the Cross programme. I know of no experts who believe that there are any genuine fragments of the Cross- and I sent them some articles ,etc, by the leading authorities- but their interviewer seemed to be working on the premise that there were and I heard nothing more from them.
I shall be interested to hear what scientific evidence exists for the Ascension.
They interviewed me for the Shroud segment but I have no idea how this is going to come out. The best we can hope for is something balanced.
I expect Russ’s experience will be similar to my own – these people who ring up have no background in history, let alone the history of relic cults or knowledge of ancient artefacts, so they are hardly able to discriminate between the different pieces of evidence they come across from different interviewees.
I have heard nothing about whether BBC History are to do something on the Shroud but I do know that things I told them was then referred back to specialists ,e.g. One of the weaving experts I had consulted told me that they had also been on to her to talk about ancient and medieval weaves. The last I heard the proposal was working its way slowly through the BBC hierarchy of approval.
I definitely got the impression from the Cross programme that they were really only interested in authenticity stories and they were certainly not interested in the experts who had been working on the mythical background of True Cross stories. So very different from the approach of the BBC .