If you can get a copy of this paper through a university library, do so. Or you can buy the article for $20.00 here. Published in the highly respected peer-reviewed Journal of Imaging Science and Technology, "Microscopic and Macroscopic Characteristics of the Shroud of Turin Image Superficiality," is authored by a team of scientists from different countries: G. Fanti, J. A. Botella, P. Di Lazzaro, T. Heimburger, R. Schneider and N. Svensson
Here is the abstract from the Journal
The “superficiality” of the Turin Shroud body image is a characteristic frequently described in scientific papers but too often in vague terms. Originating from a discussion among the members of the Shroud Science Group†, this paper was compiled thoroughly describing the unique characteristics of the body image superficiality. This concept of superficiality is here described at the fabric, thread and fiber levels. At the fabric level, we show the importance of the geometry of the fabric. At the thread level, the very specific distribution of the color is emphasized. Finally, at the fiber level, we confirm that the color is a chemically altered layer about 200 nm thick found at the surface of the colored fibers (the inner part remains uncolored). We suggest that the chemical alteration that produced the discoloration is related to the primary cell wall of the linen fiber. The description of image superficiality here reported will be useful for the formulation of future hypotheses about the body image formation process.
Microscopic and Macroscopic Characteristics of the Shroud of Turin Image Superficiality
Also see: What is the Shroud of Turin – A summary of the facts