Help me to understand, please. Could the answer be none of the above? Can we imagine an image not caused by heat, electrical discharge, intense light, reactive sugars, dye, stain, acid, photosensitive compounds, etc..
We need to stretch our thinking. Might the image be uncaused from a Newtonian perspective. Think quantum or supra-quantum. Think co-miraculous. Think of the image as being part of the resurrection and not the result of the resurrection.
Supra-quantum? I love it.