Article Links
Evidence for the Skewing of the C-14 Dating of the Shroud of Turin Due To Repairs by Joseph G. Marino and M. Sue Benford
Textile Evidence Supports Skewed Radiocarbon Date of Shroud of Turin by M. Sue Benford and Joseph G. Marino
Historical Support of a 16th Century Restoration in the Shroud C-14 Sample Area by M. Sue Benford and Joseph G. Marino with special contribution by Robert Buden
Scientific Method Applied to the Shroud of Turin: A Review by Raymond N. Rogers and Anna Arnoldi
The Shroud of Turin: Genuine artifact or manufactured relic? by Jack Kilmon as published in The Glyph, the journal of The Archaeological Institute of America
Alice In Wonderland and the Shroud of Turin by Isabel Piczek, a noted artist and theoretical physicist and a highly respected Shroud researcher.
Antioch and the Shroud by Jack Markwardt (.pdf format) (From the 1999 Richmond Conference)
An appraisal of the mistakes made regarding the Shroud samples taken in 1988 - and a suggested way of putting these behind us by Ian Wilson
An Autopsy on the Man of the Shroud by Robert Bucklin, M.D., J.D., a renowned forensic pathologist and medical examiner with a distinguished career in pubic service.
The Authentication of the Turin Shroud: An Issue in Archaeological Epistemology by William Meacham from the June 1983 edition of CURRENT ANTHROPOLOGY
Comparative Study of the Sudarium of Oviedo and the Shroud of Turin by G. Heras and D. Villalain (.pdf format) [69k]
Computerized Anthropometric Analysis of the Man of the Turin Shroud by Prof. ssa Emanuela Marinelli- Co-authored with Alessandro Cagnazzo and Prof. Giulio Fanti (.pdf format) [222k] (From the 1999 Richmond Conference)
The Concept of Negativity Through the Ages vs. The Negative Image on the Shroud by Isabel Piczek, a well known artist and physicist and a well respected Shroud researcher.
Concerning the Side Strip on the Shroud of Turin by Alan D. Adler and Alan & Mary Whanger
The late Dr. Adler was an internationally known and well respected Shroud researcher and chemist who worked with the late Dr. John Heller in 1979 to complete the chemical analysis that proved the bloodstains on the Shroud were actually blood. Alan and Mary Whanger are noted Shroud researchers that have done extensive studies regarding secondary images on the Shroud.
Dating and Formation of the Shroud by Peter Carr (.pdf format) [73k]
The author logically weighs and carefully evaluates the evidence for the Shroud's authenticity from his perspective as a scientist who spent many years in charge of technical laboratories carrying out research and development. This is the first time it has appeared in print.
Debunking The Shroud: Made by Human Hands by Gary Vikan
This article appeared in the November/December 1998 issue of Biblical Archaeology Review and includes a sidebar titled, The Shroud Painting Explained by Walter C. McCrone. The controversial article spawned a wide gamut of responses from the magazine's readers, which were printed in their Letters to the Editor column in a later issue. These are included following the article. A number of other responses were submitted to BAR that were not published, probably due to their length. These included an in-depth collaborative response titled, Deconstructing the "Debunking" of the Shroud, authored by Prof. Dan Scavone, Prof. Karlheinz Dietz, John Markwardt, Mario Latendresse, Rev. Albert Dreisbach, Mark Guscin, Joseph Marino, Emanuela Marinelli and Gino Zaninotto and a separate response titled, Comments on the Radiocarbon Dating of the Turin Shroud by Dr. Stephen Mattingly. These are published here for the first time. Just added is a previously unpublished personal letter from noted Shroud researcher, Dr. Alan Whanger to Mr. Hershel Shanks, Editor of BAR, responding to the Vikan article.
Evidence for the Shroud in Constantinople prior to 1204 by Daniel C. Scavone (.pdf format) [32k] (From the 1999 Richmond Conference)
Floral Images and Pollen Grains on the Shroud of Turin: An Interview with Dr. Alan Whanger and Dr. Avinoam Danin by John C. Iannone (.pdf format) [15k]
Floristic Indicators for the Origin of the Shroud of Turin by Avinoam Danin and Uri Baruch (.pdf format) [25k] (Full Paper)
Is the Shroud of Turin a Painting? by Isabel Piczek
An in depth study that examines the Shroud from an artist's perspective. Isabel Piczek is a world reknown monumental artist, theoretical physicist and active Shroud researcher since 1988. She has given numerous lectures around the globe, including three International Symposiums on the Shroud. This paper includes a summary of the material from her 1993 presentation at the Rome International Symposium. This paper includes 19 illustrations and will take a few minutes to load the first time you visit.
Joseph of Arimathea, the Holy Grail and the Turin Shroud (Abstract) by Professor Daniel Scavone
A brief overview of the fascinating premise that the burial shroud of Jesus was the original object underlying the legends of the Holy Grail. Professor Scavone is a noted historian, Shroud researcher and author whose detailed paper on this subject is soon to be published in a professional journal. This abstract was originally presented at the 1996 Esopus Conference.
The Legal and Medical Aspects of the Trial and Death of Christ by Robert Bucklin, M.D., J.D.
A noted Shroud researcher, forensic pathologist and attorney, Dr. Bucklin applies the rules of evidence to the Gospel accounts of the trial of Jesus in this fascinating article. He compares the image on the Shroud of Turin to the written descriptions of the crucifixion and reaches some interesting conclusions. The article first appeared in the January 1970 edition of Medicine, Science and the Law.
The Man Of The Shroud Was Washed by Frederick T. Zugibe, M.D., Ph.D.
This paper provides a scientific basis for the hypothesis that the Man of the Shroud had been washed prior to placement on the Shroud. Dr. Zugibe is a professor of anatomy and the Senior Medical Examiner of Rockland County, New York. His studies are based on the analysis of antemortem and postmortem blood flow patterns on cadavers and their comparison to those on the Shroud. A number of relevant facets of scripture and Jewish customs are also discussed. This article first appeared in Sindon N. S. in 1989. Three somewhat graphic photographs accompany the article. Parental Discretion Advised.
Natural Factors Affecting the Apparent Radiocarbon Age of Textiles by Mario Moroni and Remi van Haelst
The authors present a series of experiments and a statistical analysis of the Carbon dating that concludes "the C14 content may not be the same over the whole surface of the Shroud" and that "a single radiocarbon dating result... cannot be regarded as conclusive evidence for a mediaeval date for the Shroud of Turin." This article originally appeared in Shroud News No. 100 (February 1997). Remi van Haelst also presented another paper titled "The Lier Shroud" at the May 1997 Nice Symposium.
Natural Textile Fibres - Optical Activity, Racemization and Epimerization by Dr. Silvio Diana and Prof. Emanuela Marinelli Paolicchi
This paper was first presented at the May 1997 Nice Symposium in Nice, France and can also be reached via the "Shroud Conferences & Symposia" page of this website. It establishes the validity of and suggests a protocol for further research into the chemical and optical properties of cellulose, the fundamental ingredient of linen.
"The Nature of the Body Images on the Shroud of Turin," by Alan D. Adler (.pdf format) [34k]
(From the 1999 Richmond Conference)
Negativity and the Shroud by M. Sue Benford, R.N., M.A.
This article presents the author's perspective on the negativity aspect of the Shroud. It was previously published in The Holy Shroud Guild Newsletter, December 1997, pp. 4-5.
Objections to the Shroud's Authenticity: The Radiocarbon Date by Prof. Daniel Scavone (.pdf format) [13k]
The author's perspective on the Radiocarbon dating of the Shroud. Originally delivered at the Texas Medieval Association in 1993.
Optically Terminated Image Pixels Observed on Frei 1978 Samples with 7 color photographs. By Kevin E. Moran (.pdf format) [228k] (From the 1999 Richmond Conference)
This article describes some of the unique properties of the Shroud image and includes a number of fascinating photographs
The Origin of the Shroud of Turin From the Near East as Evidenced by Plant Images And By Pollen Grains by Dr. Avinoam Danin (Abstract)
An Israeli botanical expert evaluates the plant and pollen evidence on the Shroud. This paper was originally delivered at the 1998 Turin Symposium.
"Photometric Responses from the Shroud," by Peter M. Schumacher (.pdf format) [24k]
(From the 1999 Richmond Conference)
Pierre Barbet Revisited by Frederick T. Zugibe, M.D., Ph.D.
Dr. Zugibe is the Medical Examiner of Rockland County, New York, and has made an in-depth study of crucifixion. His book, "The Cross and the Shroud," where he challenged the conclusions of Pierre Barbet, was published in 1982. This article first appeared in Sindon N. S. in 1995. Dr. Zugibe began his research on the Shroud and crucifixion in 1948 and reaches some interesting conclusions about death on the cross. Illustrated with nine photographs.
Pressed Flowers: Where Did the Shroud of Turin Originate? A Botanical Quest by Avinoam Danin
This article was originally published in the November/December 1997 issue of "Eretz," the Geographic Magazine of Israel and created quite a stir when it first appeared. In it, the author claims that he analyzed impressions of flowers on the cloth and determined that the relic originated in Israel. Professor Danin is a botanist at the Hebrew University in Jerusalem and is considered an expert on the flowers of Israel. He was first introduced to Shroud research by Alan Whanger, whose photographs accompany the article. I am pleased to reprint this article on the website and want to thank "Eretz" for their generous permission to do so.
The Professional Arts and the Principle and Practice of Conservation - Restoration Versus the Turin Shroud by Isabel Piczek
In this paper the author expresses her concerns as a professional artist over future conservation plans for the Shroud and demonstrates why regarding the image as a painting will have serious impact on its preservation. This paper was originally presented at the 1998 Turin Symposium.
"The 1988 Radiocarbon Dating Reconsidered." by Bryan Walsh (Link to Richmond website)
(From the 1999 Richmond Conference)
Radiocarbon Measurement and the Age of the Turin Shroud: Possibilities and Uncertainties by William Meacham
This is one of the first published scientific apers that dealt with carbon dating the Shroud of Turin. It was presented by William Meacham, a noted archaeologist, at the 1986 Shroud Symposium in Hong Kong. In it, the author expresses his concerns that "contamination is a very serious problem in interpreting the results of radiocarbon measurement," and examines the issue of the reliability of C-14 testing to produce an 'absolute date' on the Shroud. Meacham took part in the Turin Workshop in late September 1986 at which the carbon dating protocol was determined, but was ultimately excluded from any further involvement in the dating of the Turin Shroud.
Recent Historical Investigations on the Sudarium of Oviedo by Mark Guscin (.pdf format) [50k] (From the 1999 Richmond Conference)
Member of the Investigation Team of the Centro Espanol de Sindonlogia and the British Society for the Turin Shroud. Mr. Guscin's book on the Sudarium of Oviedo, The Oviedo Cloth, was published in 1998 by the Lutterworth Press.
The Red Stains n the Lier and Other Shroud Copies by Remi Van Haelst
Remi Van Haelst is a researcher from Belgium and is also a member of CIELT, the group that sponsored the May 1997 Nice Symposium where this paper was first presented. His paper discusses many of the known Shroud replicas and copies and compares them to the original. He also discusses the four sets of "L shaped" burn holes in the Shroud that probably predate the 1532 fire. The article includes four detailed color photographic closeups of the burn holes as well as a transmitted light image of the Shroud. Since Remi used several of my photographs for his research, I have taken the liberty of annotating certain portions of the text and adding a graphic to the article for further clarity.
Review of the Picknett/Prince book: "The Turin Shroud: In Whose Image" by Prof. Daniel C. Scavone
This is a review of the 1994 book by Lynn Picknett and Clive Prince that concludes Leonardo Da Vinci created the Shroud of Turin. The review, written by noted Shroud author and historian Daniel C. Scavone, Professor of History at the University of Southern Indiana, is the first available by a qualified Shroud researcher. This review discusses their theories in detail and challenges their conclusions, point by point. Professor Scavone's well researched book on the history of the Shroud, "THE SHROUD OF TURIN: OPPOSING VIEWPOINTS," was published in 1989.
Science and the Shroud by Jim Barrett
This Spring 1996 article from the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio's magazine, "The Mission", deals with carbon dating research done by Dr. Leoncio Garza-Valdes and his team. Their work throws into question the accuracy of the 1260-1390 carbon date assigned to the Shroud by 1988 test results. It includes a number of good quality color photographs and provides an overview of the research and its possible impact on many areas of science. (NOTE: This is a link to a different website. You will need to use your browser's "back" button to return to this page.)
Scientific Analysis of the Shroud of Turin (Abstract) by Leoncio A. Garza-Valdes, M.D.
This link is to an article found on the Holy Shroud Guild Website and presents the Abstract of Dr. Garza-Valdes' recent research. This was first presented at the Texas Medieval Association on September 11, 1993 in San Antonio, Texas, U.S.A. (NOTE: This is a link to a different website. You will need to use your browser's "back" button to return to this page.)
The Shroud of Turin: Genuine Artifact or Manufactured Relic? by Jack Kilmon
This is a link to an article that appeared in "The Glyph," the Journal of the Archaeological Institute of America (San Diego). Mr. Kilmon argues in favor of authenticity and offers a comprehensive review of the scientific facts about the Shroud, siting references for many of them. The article includes closeup photographs of the Shroud and an illustration of the entombed and enshrouded Jesus of Nazareth found in a prayer book from Budapest known as the Pray Manuscript. Kilmon states, "The illustration not only depicts the unique "L" pattern of burn holes but also the unique weave pattern of the shroud. There can be no mistake that the Pray Manuscript of 1192 was modeled from the Shroud of Turin."
The Sudarium of Oviedo by Mark Guscin
This paper discusses in detail the sudarium, a bloodstained cloth from Oviedo, Spain that some believe is the "face cloth" that wrapped the head of Jesus in the tomb. It was first presented at the Nice Symposium in May 1997 and can also be accessed via the "Shroud Conferences & Symposia" page of this site. Mark is a member of CIELT, the French organization that sponsored the symposium, as well as a member of the Centro España de Sindonología, the organization directly responsible for research on the sudarium. This fascinating paper describes the sudarium in detail and explains its relationship to the Shroud of Turin. It includes five color photographs.
"Urfa, Turkey: the urgent need for an archaeological survey of the town that (arguably) was the Shroud's home for nearly a thousand years." by Ian Wilson (.pdf format) [41k]
(From the 1999 Richmond Conference)
Home Page & Introduction:
The Shroud of Turin Story - A Guide to
the Facts 2005
© 2004 Daniel R. Porter, Bronxville, New York
